Germany
Holy Roman Empire
Karl V 1519-1558
Ferdinand I 1558-1564
Maximilian II 1564-1576
Rudolf II 1576-1612
Matthias 1612-1619
Ferdinand II 1619-1637
Ferdinand III 1637-1657
Leopold I 1658-1705
Josef I 1705-1711
Karl VI 1711-1745
Karl VII (Albert of Bavaria) 1742-1745
Franz I 1745-1765
Josef II of Austria 1765-1790
Leopold II 1790-1792
Franz II 1792-1806
Prussia
Friedrich I 1701-1703
Friedrich Wilhelm I 1713-1740
Friedrich II 1740-1786
Friedrich Wilhelm II 1786-1797
Friedrich Wilhelm III 1797-1840
Friedrich Wilhelm IV 1840-1861
Wilhelm I 1861-1888
Friedrich III 1888-1888
Wilhelm II 1888-1918
Bavaria
Maximilian I 1805-1825
Ludwig I 1825-1848
Maximilian II 1848-1864
Ludwig II 1864-1886
Otto 1886-1913
Ludwig III 1913-1918
Wittenberg
Friedrich 1805-1816
Wilhelm I 1816-1864
Karl 1864-1891
Wilhelm II 1891-1918
Hesse
Ludwig I 1806-1830
Ludwig II 1830-1848
Ludwig III 1848-1877
Ludwig IV 1877-1892
Ernst Ludwig 1892-1918
Saxony
Friedrich August I 1806-1827
Anton 1827-1836
Friedrich August II 1836-1854
Johann 1854-1873
Albrecht 1873-1902
George 1902-1904
Friedrich August 1904-1918
The German Empire
Wilhelm I 1871-1888
Fredrick 1888-1888
Wilhelm II 1888-1913